Monday, December 30, 2019

Thomas Jefferson s Dilemma On The Louisiana Purchase

Gabriel Quarcoo Mr. D Nesmith History 1301.06 October 24th, 2014 Thomas Jefferson’s Dilemma on the Louisiana Purchase In our day, we consider the boarders of the United States impenetrable and inevitable. We tend to forget that the nation started off as a little country which consisted of 13 states, occupying the Atlantic Seaboard, which is only is small portion of what it is now. The county before the 1803 depended on its resources for agriculture, mining and logging. The need for more land for expansion was inevitable and crucial. There were several stages to expansion during those days but the most important was the 1803 Louisiana Purchase by the then president, Thomas Jefferson. This acquisition doubled the size of the country all the way to the western side of the Mississippi River. Thomas Jefferson is one of the biggest names in the history of The United States of America. Jefferson became president of the country in 1800 as a republican. Nonetheless, in 1803 he was faced with a great dilemma. Jefferson’s presidential campaign was done under the theme of limited presidential power. He declared that the federal government should not take on any form of power except if it is granted to them by the constitution. Presidents were not given the power to buy or claim lands except it was enacted by constitution. This policy was generated by Jefferson himself. The decision to purchase this land and all the circumstances behind it led to Jefferson’s dilemma. This is because heShow MoreRelatedThe Moral Dilemma Of The Louisiana Purchase1011 Words   |  5 PagesThe Moral Dilemma Of The Louisiana Purchase President Thomas Jefferson faced many moral dilemmas during the process of deciding to purchase the territory, the moral predicaments that president Thomas Jefferson faced was going against the constitution, going in major debt to pay for the territory, and also faced many issues with foreign policy almost exclusively between the countries Spain and France. President Jefferson was put in a situation that no other leader of our young country had ever beenRead MoreThe Louisiana Purchase Shaped America988 Words   |  4 Pages Thomas Jefferson a leader of the Republican Party had long imagined an empire of Liberty that would span â€Å"North America.† (Sparknotes.com, 2014) Thomas Jefferson probably never knew beforehand that acquiring that empire would require a great deal of strain that would test his ability to make America great. Jefferson wanted America to be great and he knew that in order to do that he had to somehow act in the best interest of America to acquire Louisiana. In the midst of acquiring Louisiana JeffersonRead MoreThe State Of The Louisiana Territory1616 Words   |  7 Pages The purchasing of the Louisiana territory was not as easy of a business transaction as one might think. It was a very rushed, stressful process that caused President Thomas Jefferson a considerable amount of mental and emotional anguish. The problem that was the Louisiana purchase can be broken into three parts: Jefferson’s dilemma, Jefferson’s decision, and the consequences. The Louisiana Purchase was one of the most influential events in American history because it helped not only double the sizeRead MoreDevelopments in American History Over Four Centuries Essay1111 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscuss five significant developments in American History from discovery until 1877. They are as follows: The American Revolution (1775-1783), the signing of the Declaration of Independence (1776), the Ratification of the Constitution (1787), the Louisiana Purchase (1803), and the Civil War (1861-1865). Though American history has experienced many developments over the years, it is the firm belief of the author that these five developments were instrumental in propelling thirteen loosely associated coloniesRead MoreThe Importance Of Thomas Jefferson s Influence On The American Political Process Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pagesimportance of Thomas Jefferson, a man who played a pivotal role in â€Å"founding† the United States. He was instrumental in many areas: the Declaration of Independence, Louisiana Purchase, implementing republican values into our government, among other things. However, Jefferson was susceptible to many questionable choices—both internal and external—which can give pause towards maintaining his revered status as a â€Å"founder.† In this paper, I make the argument that the decisions made by Jefferson should callRead MoreNative Americans During The Colonization1473 Words   |  6 Pageswish to destroy your religion, or take it from you. We only want to enjoy our own.† (Document C) Red Jacket is requesting for the separation between religions of the Americans and the Native Americans. As the Native American moved westward from the Louisiana territory they moved because of the freedom to progress in their culture. When Americans began to assimilate the Native Americans many officials desired to civilize the savages and integrate them into the American Society. One such official was AndrewRead More19th Century American History: Americas Second War of Independence1649 Words   |  7 Pages1812 ended, western expansion occurred sporadically: there was some expansion from 1791 1803, creating the new states of Ohio, Tennessee, Kentucky and Vermont; in addition, the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 doubled the size of the United States west of the Appalachian Mountains; then Lewis and Clark explored the Louisiana Purchase from 1804 1806, in part due to President Jeffersons desires to find a water route to the Pacific Ocean and to compete effectively with Spanish and British territorial interestsRead MoreReasons Why The Civil War Started2144 Words   |  9 Pages10/21/13 7:23 PM 1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South. With Eli Whitney s invention of the cotton gin in 1793, cotton became very profitable. This machine was able to reduce the time it took to separate seeds from the cotton. However, at the same time the increase in the number of plantations willing to move from other crops to cotton meant the greater need for a large amount of cheap labor, i.e. slaves. Thus, the southern economy became a one crop economy, dependingRead MoreThe Defeat of The Confederacy Essay1810 Words   |  8 Pageson the other hand, had the good fortune of bringing along and nurturing people like Ulysses Grant, William Sherman, Philip Sheridan, George Thomas, and others. The South was way outclassed industrially (Donald, 1996, pp. 70-74). There was probably never any chance her winning without European recognition and military aid (Donald, 1996, p. 74); Jefferson Davis, realized at the time, that there was never any real hope of Europe intervening. It just never was in England or Frances best interestsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Essay on Dove and Hawk View of Iraq War - 1150 Words

Hawk and Dove Views of the Iraq War On March 18, 2003 the United States invaded Iraq. (The Washington Post) The War with Iraq is a very divisive issue around the world. Turn on any news show and you will see a daily debate on the pros and cons of going to war. Because of the situations that have occurred between the United States and Iraq, very different views and perceptions have developed. Much debate on the justification of the United States for being in Iraq, let alone overthrowing its â€Å"government†, has been presented from both sides – the Hawks and the Doves. My perception sees it like this. There are basically two different views of this war, one view being that of a Hawk and the other view being that of a Dove. The ideology of†¦show more content†¦quot;Gadhafi has not been the same since his tent was bombed, and thats the episode if you recall where our friends the French would not let our fighter planes fly over France on the way to Libya.quot; (WorldNet Daily). This statement just reinforces the fact that appeasement only fosters bigger tyrants. Limbaugh spends much of his programs discussing the need for deterrence, explaining the world is governed by the aggressive use of force, and that the U.S. is a prime target because of its role as lone superpower. quot;When your enemy thinks and knows youve got something and youll use it, it deters them. Its when you dont build, its when you dont keep pace, its when you just try to do this with words and treaties and all this weak-kneed, limp-wristed stuff that you subject yourself to attack. (WorldNet Daily) The Dove’s point of view of this war urges avoidance of conflict through treaties, talks, summits and conferences. Dove’s believe that a pre-emptive strike lacks moral authority and violates previous U.S. policy. This war, and any other for that matter, will create civilian causalities which is something every country, not matter what their position in the cast system of the world may be, wants to expose their own people to. The United States Army’s troops are being killed daily and the question to them isShow MoreRelatedAmerican Wars Abroad1567 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the Cold War the United States was involved in numerous conflicts overseas. As the Cold War progressed there were occasions where the US extended its participation beyond what was necessary by not acting in a quick and decisive manner. When dealing with crisis or conflict, America must not prolong foreign involvement. The Vietnam War and the Arms Race between the U.S. and the Soviet Union are two instances where America prolonged involvement past what was necessary. Certain aspects of bothRead MorePresident Bushs Response to September 11 and Islamic Radicalism2008 Words   |  9 PagesMembers of the terrorist group Al Qaeda hijacked four aircraft and managed to crash two of them in to the Twin Towers in New York City. When the smoke cleared, there were 2,752 deaths. This day marked the beginning of a new type of war for the United States: the war on terror. These events left President George Bush with a complex and troublesome series of decisions to make. Afghanistan is the country harboring the terrorists who orchestrated their attack, yet Afghanistan did not commit the attacksRead MoreAn Analysis Of Helen Keller And Woodrow Wilson4117 Words   |  17 Pagesmistakes. Helen Keller and Woodrow Wilson are two of the heroes who are discussed in the chapter. Helen Keller is famous for being the deaf-blind girl who learned how to read, write, and speak; but not much i s known by the public about her political views. Loewen states, â€Å"Through research she learned that blindness was not distributed randomly through the population but was concentrated in the lower class,† (pg. 14). Men would become blind in work accidents, while women would become blind from syphilisRead MoreEssay about Colin Powell: Transformational Leader2843 Words   |  12 PagesNational Security Advisor (NSA). In 1989, he received his fourth star, and was appointed by President George H.W. Bush as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS). In the four years as the Chairman JCS, he oversaw 28 crises, including the first Gulf War in 1991. In 2000, President George W. Bush appointed Colin Powell Secretary of State, and the U.S. Senate unanimously confirmed Powell. At that time, this was the highest rank in civilian government ever held by an African-American. General ColinRead MoreIb History Rise of the Single State Parties6245 Words   |  25 Pageslist and connect each source to the question, also include own knowledge Question 4 - Mini Essay Timeline -Paris Peace Conference 01/25/1919 ââ€"  Wilson’s 14 points 01/08/1918 ââ€"‹ self determination ââ€"  Germany accepted 14 points on 10/23/1918 ââ€"  World War I armistice 11/11/1918 ââ€"  Delegations ââ€"‹ Woodrow Wilson (US) - neutral, wanted to make peace, reductions of arms, no secret diplomacy ââ€"‹ Georges Clemenceau (France) - hated Germany ââ€"‹ David Lloyd George (GB) - allow Germany to recover the trade route ââ€"‹Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesINFLUENCE 279 280 SKILL ASSESSMENT 280 Diagnostic Surveys for Gaining Power and Influence Gaining Power and Influence 280 Using Influence Strategies 281 SKILL LEARNING 283 Building a Strong Power Base and Using Influence Wisely 283 A Balanced View of Power 283 Lack of Power 283 Abuse of Power 285 Strategies for Gaining Organizational Power 286 The Necessity of Power and Empowerment 286 Sources of Personal Power 288 Sources of Positional Power 293 Transforming Power into Influence 298 Influence

Saturday, December 14, 2019

Toms Shoes Epedemic Free Essays

Simona Brotnei Professor Angelone English Writing 102 7 March 2012 â€Å"How Toms Shoes tipped ? † Intro Section In the book, The Tipping Point, How little things can Make a Big Difference, written by Malcolm Gladwell. What is an Epidemic? Well there are different kinds of epidemics. Epidemics can be Products, diseases, Trend’s, and or Crimes. We will write a custom essay sample on Toms Shoes Epedemic or any similar topic only for you Order Now In order for an epidemic to tip, there are three rules that apply for an epidemic to tip. Epidemics are the phenomena word of mouth, or any number of mysterious changes that mark everyday life is for us to think of them as just that. Epidemics are a contagious behavior; the rules in an epidemic are the Law of the Few, The Stickiness Factor, and the Power of Context. The Stickiness Factor The stickiness factor is some kind of information that makes it memorable and sticky, basically something that makes a person remember easily or a message that makes an impact. One of the three Laws that applies too, Toms Shoes is the stickiness of the shoes. The Epidemic that crossed my mind was TOM’s shoes. The co-founder of TOM shoes was Blake Mckoskie, his name was not Tom, Blake’s chose toms because it stands for Tomorrows Future. Back In 2006, Blake went to Argentina, and discovered that the kids there had no shoes, So he came up with the Idea that for every pair of shoes purchased, he would give another pair to a child in need. Tom’s shoes missions is the One for One deal, which I stated above. The reason why Toms tipped was because of the One for One. This is what made TOMS so sticky, just the other day I wore a pair of Toms and this lady stopped me and somehow noticed my shoes and said to me, â€Å"Are those the shoes? † where they give a pair for free? and she wanted to look at them, So I showed them to her. he then went on and said â€Å"that they are expensive ,† but I also stated that they were for a good cause. In the past year of September, TOMS sold over one million pair of shoes. His company is becoming more successful, and are growing bigger and bigger each day. Blake based the shoe style on the alpargata, a traditional Argentine shoe that farmers have worn for more than 100 y ears. The shoe is very lightweight and canvas slip-on with just a sliver of a rubber composite sole. It comes in multiple colors and prints for women, men and children. Toms comes out with a new style almost every six months. The shoe prices average from about $40-$100 dollars, They can be pricy but we also have to remember that its helping many kids without shoes, have shoes. The reason as to why Toms is so successful is, because they feel as if there making a difference in the world by helping the kids. They are satisfied and happy about themselves by helping the kids with no shoes. Toms has donated over 600 thousands paris of shoes to kids in 2010. The Power of Context Gladwell states, That the power of context, is no less more important than the two laws mentioned in the beginning of the book. Epidemics are sensitive in the time and places in which they occur. The Power of context is one that has to do with the environment we live in. We are the ones that get the word out. Like for instance the word of mouth epidemic is by a person telling them about it, then them telling someone else; or even when they see something that they like, People will ask you where you got the product, then tell his or her friends. Back In May of 2010, I was at a Romanian convention and I noticed a guy wearing them and wanted to find out what kind of shoes they were, because they looked very cool and comfy. I then went on found out where he got them, and bought two pairs, Now Most of the majority of the romanian community owns at least a pair of toms, if not even more. That explains why so many trends like skinny jeans, and or Jeans tucked in boots start. The environment has a lot to do with how epidemics occur, And that is how many trends come about. Just like in the book, The Tipping Point there were two kids that were wearing hush puppies in East village, and some high fashioned stylists seen them. Later on they skyrocketed and sold over 600 thousands pairs. There is no other explanation more better than how the environment has many effects on how we look and or how we dress, the environment plays a big part on how products tip and how trends become more popular. Conclusion The reason why products tip are because the message itself had an impact, and or the environment where they were seen was noticed by big entrepreneurs. Why is it that many people like myself? are buying all into this, One thing is that it is contagious and the little things that make a change make a difference in the world. Trends and or diseases are also just as contagious. The co-founder of Toms travels to many different colleges to reach out to peers because he wants the new generations to be concerned and aware with different things. and helping others is one that everyone can do if they cant help by buying a pair they can help by not wearing shoes for 24 hours and that event that is called One Day Without Shoes, is targeted mostly to students because they are the ones with time and its a free advertising by getting his shoes known. and what more not doing it at colleges. Blake wants to raise up a better generations for our kids, and by helping and joining events just like this one is a great opportunity for many students to be aware and help make difference in the world. That is why they have an event every year, In Fact It is coming up shortly Sometime in April. The event mostly focuses on the awareness for people to realize that in many different parts of the country children are without shoes. Also to get others student to join and help if not by buying the shoes but by simply getting the word out. The One Day Without Shoes event allows student-led college chapters of TOMS to hold awareness events on campus (and do some free advertising for TOMS). The movement reaches out to students who want to help and be a part of a larger philanthropic movement, but can’t afford to give large amounts of money or commit an extended amount of time. People who are already passionate about helping children in need are the prime candidates to join the TOMS movement, so the student chapters and the organization reach out to these individuals through their  advertisements  and promotions. Im gonna finish a quote by Ghandi, which was Blake’s favorite quote. Be the change you want to see in the world Works Cited Gladwell, Malcolm. The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference. Boston: Little, Brown, 2000. Print. â€Å"Shoes Offer a Better Tomorrow. † NewsOK: Oklahoma News, Sports, Weather, Business, Entertainment Oklahoma City Photos Video OKC. Linda Mille r, 5 Apr. 2009. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. . â€Å"Millennials and Philanthropy: 5 Tips I Learned from TOMSA  Shoes. † Rebekah Bowen. 26 Aug. 2011. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. . â€Å"TOMS SHOES LOGO. † Bio Of Blake Mycoskie, The Founder Chief Shoe Giver Of TOMS Shoes. 2 Feb. 2010. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. . How to cite Toms Shoes Epedemic, Papers

Thursday, December 5, 2019

International Journal Mathematics Statistics-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The International Journal Mathematics Statistics? Answer: Introducation It is always a desire of each and every organization to maximize on their profits and that is the key reasons as to why they are in business. This is the case of a young upcoming start up by the name Good Harvest. The start-up deals in organic farming and as well as sale of their products direct to their customers. The CEO is concerned about the cost of goods incurred by the start up as well as the sale performance and revenues generated by the enterprise. Business analytics can be used to give clear insights on how the enterprise is performing and probably advise on key areas of improvement. Using the one-year data for the company, we sought to present the CEO with the key analysis related to key areas mentioned. Problem definition and business intelligence required Good Harvest has not been to the market for so long; actually they have been barely two years. The CEO of the company would want to improve the performance of the company but he has to do it through key data insights gained from analyzing the one year that is available. However, the CEO has pointed six key research questions he would want to see answered in the report. His main concern is to understand; What are the worst and top selling products? Do payment methods have variation in terms of total cash received? Do location of the product in the shop have impact on total sales generated? How do sales performance compare for the different months in a year? How do profits of the company compare for the different months in a year? How do sales performance compare for the four seasons? What are the worst and top selling products in terms of sales? Descriptive analysis was used to answer the question. We present two tables; table 1 is for the top selling products while table 2 is for the worst selling products. Table 1: Top selling products Product Class N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Water 12 15 6500 1866.88 2541.63 Fruit 54 3 17276 1048.68 2469.41 Vegetable 76 4 5554 871.49 1226.30 Dairy 66 10 10814 619.05 1473.79 Drinks 59 5 11910 574.25 1729.24 Coconut Water 11 21 1794 514.23 562.67 Table 2: Worst selling products Product Class N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation Stocks Sauces 6 20 49 32.29 12.17 Salad Greens 1 25 25 24.50 Snacks 2 20 21 20.33 0.74 Spices 14 4 129 18.99 32.06 Herbal Teas 4 2 54 17.96 24.37 Juicing 1 5 5 5.00 Six product class had average sales amounting to over $500; these products are categorised under the top selling products. They include; drinks, water, fruit, dairy products, vegetables and coconut water. The bottom six products in terms sales performance include stock sauces, salad greens, spices, juicing products, snacks and herbal teas. The mentioned products have average sales that are less than $50. Is there a difference in payments methods? Organizations do accept different payment methods. There are those which have also restricted payments from some payment methods. Apparently Good Harvest accepts cash payments, credit payments, Visa Card payments as well as MasterCard payments. It would be to the interest of the CEO to understand if there is any of the listed payment methods that brings collects more cash than the other. That is, the CEO would be interested to know whether there is significant difference in the total cash received from the four mentioned payment methods. We the four methods into two categories. One group comprised of cash and credit while the other comprised of Visa Card and MasterCard. Two hypothesis were then tested. Hypothesis 1: H0: There is no significant difference in the total cash received between the cash and the credit payment methods H0: There is significant difference in the total cash received between the cash and the credit payment methods An independent t-test was used for this since cash and credit payments are independent of one another. Independent t-test is used to compare the means of two unrelated groups just like in this case. Table 3: t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances Cash Credit Mean 412.18 604.64 Variance 20811.55 42140.48 Observations 359 354 Pooled Variance 31401.02 Hypothesized Mean Difference 0 df 711 t Stat -14.5002 P(T=t) one-tail 0.000 t Critical one-tail 1.647 P(T=t) two-tail 0.000 t Critical two-tail 1.96 From table 3 above, the p-value was found to be 0.000; this value is less than 5% level of significance hence we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is significant difference in the total cash received between the cash and the credit payment methods. In fact, it can clearly be seen that a lot of cash was obtained from the credit payment method as compared to the cash payment method. Hypothesis 2: H0: There is no significant difference in the total cash received between the Visa and the MasterCard payment methods H0: There is significant difference in the total cash received between the Visa and the MasterCard payment methods. An independent t-test was used for this since cash and credit payments are independent of one another. Independent t-test is used to compare the means of two unrelated groups just like in this case. Table 4: t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Equal Variances Visa MasterCard Mean 576.31 152.55 Variance 50355.11 12000.98 Observations 353 53 Pooled Variance 45418.44 Hypothesized Mean Difference 0 df 404 t Stat 13.49813 P(T=t) one-tail 0.000 t Critical one-tail 1.65 P(T=t) two-tail 0.000 t Critical two-tail 1.965853 From table 4 above, the p-value was found to be 0.000; this value is less than 5% level of significance hence we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is significant difference in the total cash received from MasterCard and that received from the Visa Card. In fact, it can clearly be seen that a lot of cash was obtained from the credit payment method as compared to the cash payment method. How does location of the product in the shop affect the sales performance? The hypothesis tested for this question is given below; Hypothesis 4: H0: There is no significant difference in the mean total sales between the different product locations in the shop H0: There is significant difference in the mean total sales between the different product locations in the shop. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test this hypothesis. ANOVA is applied where we have more than 2 factors to be compared. We had five factors to be compared hence ANOVA was ideal test to be used. ANOVA results are presented in table 5 below; Table 5: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the total sales versus product location Total Sales ($) Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 134299725.02 4 33574931.256 37.176 .000 Within Groups 929333380.82 1029 903142.255 Total 1063633105.84 1033 From the ANOVA table above, it is evident that the null hypothesis is rejected (p-value 0.05) and as such we come to a conclusion that the total sales differs depending on the location of the product in the shop. How does sakes compare based on the different months of the year? We tested this using ANOVA where the factors were the months and the net sales was the dependent variable. The hypothesis tested is given below; Hypothesis 5: H0: There is no significant difference in the mean total sales between the different months of the year. H0: There is significant difference in the mean total sales between the different months of the year. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test this hypothesis. ANOVA is applied where we have more than 2 factors to be compared. We had twelve factors to be compared hence ANOVA was ideal test to be used. ANOVA results are presented in table 6 below; Table 6: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the net sales versus months Net_Sales Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 1399993.23 11 127272.11 1.303 .221 Within Groups 34584296.36 354 97695.75 Total 35984289.58 365 From the ANOVA table above, it is evident that the null hypothesis is not rejected (p-value 0.05) and as such we come to a conclusion that the net sales does not significantly differ depending on the month of the year. How does gross profits compare based on the different months of the year? Hypothesis 6: H0: There is no significant difference in the mean gross profits between the different months of the year. H0: There is significant difference in the mean gross profits between the different months of the year. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test this hypothesis. ANOVA is applied where we have more than 2 factors to be compared. We had twelve factors to be compared hence ANOVA was ideal test to be used. Results are presented in table 7 below; Table 7: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the gross profits versus months Profit Total Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 35370.95 11 3215.54 3.867 .000 Within Groups 294370.01 354 831.55 Total 329740.95 365 From the ANOVA table above, it is evident that the null hypothesis is rejected (p-value 0.05) and as such we come to a conclusion that the gross profit significantly differs depending on the month of the year. How does sales performance compare between different seasons? The hypothesis tested for this research question is; Hypothesis 7: H0: There is no significant difference in the mean net sales between the different seasons. H0: There is significant difference in the mean net sales between the different seasons. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test this hypothesis. ANOVA is applied where we have more than 2 factors to be compared. We had four factors to be compared hence ANOVA was ideal test to be used. Results are presented in table 8 below; Table 8: Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the net sales versus seasons Net_Sales Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 487761.04 3 162587.01 1.658 .176 Within Groups 35496528.54 362 98056.71 Total 35984289.58 365 From the ANOVA table above, it is evident that the null hypothesis is not rejected (p-value 0.05) and as such we come to a conclusion that the net sales does not significantly differ depending on the season. Discussion of the results and recommendations Interesting findings came out of this study. First we were able to identify both the top performing products as well as the worst performing products. Some of the top performing products were drinks, water, vegetables, dairy products, fruits among others while the main products that were identified to perform poorly included; stock sauces, salad greens, spices, juicing products, snacks and herbal teas. Results showed that month of the year had no influence on the net sales of the company however it had significant influence on the gross profits of the company. Seasons also didnt have significant influence on the net sales. Location of the product in the shop had significant effect on the sales performance of the company. Based on the listed findings, it is evident that cost of goods varies depending on the month of the year hence affecting the gross profits of the company. It would therefore be advisable for the CEO of the Good harvest company to try understanding how the cost of goods compare within the different months. For instance, are the labour costs high in some months? Are the cost of materials higher in some months? Answering these questions will help the CEO to plan when to hire workers and when to make purchases of the materials to avoid doing it when the costs are high. By this the company will be able to maximize on its profit while minimizing of the expenditure costs. The CEO should also put much emphasis on ensuring that the display of the products is looked at in a more appropriate manner. Results showed that sales performance of the products varied depending on where the product was located in the shop. References Bagdonavicius, V., Nikulin, M. S. (2011). Chi-squared goodness-of-fit test for right censored data. The International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, 30-50. Chiang, C. L. (2003). Statistical methods of analysis, World Scientific. Cox, D. R. (2006). Principles of statistical inference. Derrick, B., Toher, D. White, P., 2017. How to compare the means of two samples that include paired observations and independent observations. The Quantitative Methods for Psychology, 13(2), p. 120126. Gelman, A., 2005. Analysis of variance? Why it is more important than ever. The Annals of Statistics, Volume 33, p. 153. Gelman, A., 2005. Analysis of variance? Why it is more important than ever. The Annals of Statistics, p. 153.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

The intended effect on the reader Essay Example

The intended effect on the reader Paper 1984 is a darkly satirical political novel by George Orwell. It was first published on June 8, 1949, is Orwells most famous work, and is the inspiration of the word Orwellian. The story takes place in a nightmarish dystopia, in which an ever-surveillant State enforces perfect conformity among citizens through fear, lies and ruthless punishment. The Party is the government running Oceania and is headed by the mysterious Big Brother. It’s rise to power is uncertain and their activities are covert. The Party has striking and deliberate parallels to the Stalinist Soviet Union. The extensive and institutional use of propaganda and the theme of a betrayed revolution are some of the main details that mark the resemblance. Orwell’s experience in the Spanish civil war with the media’s manipulation of the reports of the conflict, Orwell developed a great skepticism about the ability of â€Å"even a well intentioned and honest writer to get to the truth.† He was also generally skeptical of stories that rambled on about the atrocities in the world; he felt them to be a hyperbole of the true event. Orwell found that no event is ever correctly reported in a newspaper, but in Spain for the first time I saw newspaper reports which did not bear any relation to the facts. Orwell’s beliefs on the control of the past is largely attributed to his experiences, such as the Spanish civil war. This in turn reflects in his writings and has manifested into The Party. We will write a custom essay sample on The intended effect on the reader specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The intended effect on the reader specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The intended effect on the reader specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To understand why Orwell chose to represent The Party in such a way, one must understand why Orwell wrote 1984 in the first place. Some of his earlier writings, such as Homage to Catalonia, do explain his distrust in totalitarianism and the betrayal of revolutions. His early writing reveal some of the reasons of why he wrote 1984. In fact his essay â€Å"Why I Write† explains clearly that all the serious work he had written since the Spanish Civil War in 1936 was written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism and for democratic socialism.† Animal farm was another one of Orwell’s writings that was an allegory of the Russian Revolution thinly veiled as an animal fable. Orwell had specifically attacked Russia but drew on his experiences in Spain to show that â€Å"all well-meant societies are at risk†. Animal Farm was the first time most of his political views had been showcased for the readers to see. As the pigs gained power, they found that they fell prey to ambition, selfishness and hypocrisy. Their abuse of power led them to do all the things that Old Major has specifically urged them not to do. Orwell’s message is that any society with leaders that have absolute power is ultimately doomed to failure due to the leader’s inevitable fall to temptation and commencement of their abuse of power. The Party as well as Oceania is the result of this belief. The power is misused to suppress individual freedom for the benefit of those who run such a government. Orwell once said he writes because there is some lie that I want to expose. It is this fundamental lie upon which the political structure of Nineteen Eighty-four rests. The very slogans of the party are contradictions: War is Peace, Freedom is Slavery, Ignorance is Strength. The purpose of the Party was not to rule for the general good, but in order to have control over everyone and everything. Power is everything. Orwell truly believed that The Party could exist, his depiction of The Party can easily be an exaggeration, however it was his worst nightmare. In 1984 the idea of Big Brother surveillance, Room 101, the destruction of language and replacement with Newspeak, the idea of puppet master controlling society and Winston being represented as the last free thinker. This is Orwell’s technique to persuade society to avoid such a dystopia. The intensity of every move The Party makes, is Orwell’s cry for realisation in the readers. Thus, The Party is represented as a brutal, malevolent and sinister group. Orwell’s theories and speculations makes the reader question the system of Government they follow. His theories resemble some classic Big Brother fears that are quite prominent in more modern times.His work was based off the Stalinistic government and during that time Big Brother was a concept to be feared. Even today with the increase in technological advances and the constant scandals being uncovered in government officials, the idea of a secret underground base filled with surveillance technology is quite probable. It is a combination of Orwell’s opinions and experiences that influenced his portrayal of The Party. The Spanish civil war, working in BBC and such have, in fact, influenced his opinions about totalitarianism. Although, already against it Orwell’s animosity towards the type of regime strengthened. The Party is Orwell’s way of warning society that the wheels were in motion right under their noses. His eclecticism of experiences and ideas caused him to form his perfect nightmare and communicate it in the book 1984. His political views were as staunch as he was and he tried to use his power over the English language to inform and scare his readers into realising the present danger. Thus, The Party was born in all its imperialism, hatred and evil.

Monday, November 25, 2019

How to write analytical report Essays

How to write analytical report Essays How to write analytical report Paper How to write analytical report Paper Essay Topic: Analytical There are various assignments that a student will face at college such as essay papers, term paper and research papers. Most students are familiar with that kind of papers and before going to college or university they had a decent experience with them. Those papers are the most common assignments at every college or university, yet they are quite challenging and hard to deal with. Among the variety of assignments there are also quite specific ones that differ from papers that students deal with every day. Considering the fact that every assignment has its own destination students should keep in mind that some assignments they will find extremely hard to complete as they all require of students to use different traits. Though, unlike term papers and research papers there is a paper called analytical report and it is as challenging as both of them. Students will rarely receive that kind of papers, however, that does not mean they should not be prepared to deal with it. How to write analytical report and what is it? An analytical report is a type of business report or study that recommends an action (or actions) to solve a problem. The report takes a problem, idea or issue and breaks it down into its component parts to examine how the parts fit together. These are most often assigned by teachers and professors to students who are majoring in business or other courses as a way to test and assess them. An analytical report is often used to study the feasibility of a project or action, such as determining whether or not it is cost effective to implement a solution or change to an existing project. It has become a great opportunity not just to assess the student but especially for students to see whether they are able to think strictly considering the facts and collate them with each other or not. Some people are not able to separate important things from unnecessary information and when dealing with analytical report it is one of the most crucial moments. However, even for the cleverest students it is hard to explain their decision showing the clear position. When writing Analytical reports, students should attempt to list all of the significant facts and details about what they are writing about (i.e. their topic) and should explain each significant aspect in as much detail as they can. Students need to use critical thinking to properly analyze various values and predict the outcome if certain events took place. Students should then assess any counter-argument or claim that can be made towards them and their analysis. They should make sure that their arguments are well supported by evidences and that their empirical data is relevant to the point they are trying to make. They should then summarize the entire report and make it as concise as possible. The research work done in analytical report is often not less than in research paper as students should be able to argue with every claim they face. Sometimes the mismatch of arguments is there because the sources of information seems unreliable to your opponent and you have to show your strong position with proof. While format should strictly be restricted to what your teacher tells you, when it comes to citation, it is best to stick with the Turabian style as that is the more commonly used one. Students can choose to deviate, but they should make sure all of their sources are cited. It is always best to let assignments such an analytical reports be handled by our writing service. Our team of sophisticated writers is extremely skilled when it comes to such reports as they have a long history of creating wonderful assignments with excellent content and original data. All our writers are not just experienced but they are all smart enough to summarize all facts, exclude unreliable information and shorten the report so you will receive all analysis in concise format. If you have no time on such impressive work but still you have to deliver it, make sure that you have our contacts as there is no better choice for you than ordering from our company. Pass your analytical report to one of our writers and forget about your problems. So if there is ever a need to make analytical reports, trust Paperap.com to get the job done.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Media literacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Media literacy - Essay Example Following several clashes with swords in series of fierce mortal combats, the duo, Jack and Will attempt to recapture the Black Pearl Ship, relinquish a fortune in forbidden treasure and save the British navy thereby lifting the curse of the pirates, (Solway, 2008). Redbank (2007) affirms that the film’s complexity was achieved following a number of production technicalities. With numerous shootings, the first one being on October 9, 2002 in which Jack Sparrow steals the interceptor, the production team constantly changed the script to achieve their primary objective; a pirate movie with comical characters and a comical storyline with violence and politics incorporated. Trimble (2007) further documents that the film’s computer generated forms of the cursed crewmembers are relatively convincing, a feat achieved by the visual effect integrated by the production team. According to Wiratmoko (2009), the film’s production unit uses a series of filmic conventions and mythological images of characters like the masculine pirate Jack Sparrow to achieve the film’s objectives. Supplementary characters also supports the main character for example, Elizabeth Swan asks ‘Whose side is Jack on?’ to depict the ambiguity in Jack’s loyalty. Will replies, ‘at the moment?’ thereby depicting Jack’s unstable, contingent, ever changing and heterogeneous character, (Solway, 2008). Trimble (2007) however reveals that, a deeper analysis of Jack’s character reveals a strange aspect of piratical freedom and liberty from political manipulation. Comparative to the life on port Toruga, the society in Port Royal is too structured, lacking in freedom with all inhabitants obeying the preset political standards. Trimble (2007) notes that, the movie manages to bring out the free lifestyle which majority of civilized individuals seeks, a life in which individuals are allowed wild random adventures. According to Wiratmoko

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Criminology research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Criminology - Research Paper Example This is a worrying trend that should not only be left to the society and the law enforcers alone (Walsh, Anthony, and Craig Hemmens 57). According to recent research that was conducted, the results showed that high school male and female comprise of almost a quarter of crime arrests which is indeed an astonishing alarming rate. The research further shows that the rate of arrests of high female is nearly half the juvenile arrests as compared to two years ago when the rate was negligible to notice. Thus, more high school females are joining the gangs in order to commit criminal activities. It is also evident that more high school male and female are committing crime at an early age in their high school years which was not the trend before where the number was higher as the high school male and female graduated to upper classes. This shows that currently, the number is shockingly increasing with the majority being from the lower classes in the high system (Siegel, 114). The development of the juvenile justice system began more than a century ago where previously; the traditional English Common law was applicable. Initially, people who committed crime were confined in the same correction facility regardless of their ages. Thus, the old and the young were handled as adult criminals. The society including the families were fully responsible of disciplinary measures for the children but if the young adults committed crime that was viewed as above the norm, they were arrested and treated in a similar manner as an adult criminal. However, this system became abolished since the young adults instead of rehabilitating themselves they came out of the correctional facilities being hardcore criminals who had been hardened due to the influence on them by the adult criminals (Siegel, Larry and Brandon, 43). There was therefore the need to

Monday, November 18, 2019

Anthrax Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Anthrax - Essay Example They are of three types: Symptoms: The causal agent does not cause the infection immediately but requires incubation period from 7 to 60 days. The initial symptoms are similar to flu with a very high temperature > 100 F followed by coolness or sweat. It may give chest distress, difficulty in breathing, muscular fatigue. The symptoms also include non-productive cough, aching throat, headache and nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal distress, vomiting or diarrhea (Mikesell,). 1. Cutaneous anthrax (skin): The causal organism gains entry in the body through a cut or an abrasion especially when a person encounters either contaminated animal products or diseased animal. The organism establishes the infection with a raised bump similar to an insect or mosquito bite, followed by itching. After 1-2 days it develops into a vesicle which takes the form of a painless ulcer. This ulcer after 7-10 days becomes black necrotic in the centre called as eschar. The body responds to this by swelling in the adjacent lymph glands. Fever, headache and distress occur. It could be fatal if antimicrobial treatment is not given. 2. Inhalation anthrax: The incubation period varies from 2 to 60 days. The symptoms are similar to common cold or sore throat with a mild fever and muscular pain and malaise. It is not contagious but if untreated the condition results in severe breathing discomfort, shock, symptoms like pneumonia or may give rise to meningitis. It may become fatal in 24 to 36 hrs. 3. Gastrointestinal anthrax: It is more severe form of anthrax than cutaneous form, caused by the consumption of contaminated animal product. This is featured by an acute inflammation of the intestinal tract. The condition onset with nausea, vomiting with blood, followed by loss of appetite, fever and severe abdominal pain and severe diarrhea with blood. It may be fatal in 25-60% of the cases as ascites fills the abdomen, followed by shock an death within the span of 2-5 days. 4. Oropharyngeal anthrax: It is not a popular form of anthrax. This encompasses fever, swelling in the lymph nodes especially in the cervical region and severe throat pain and discomfort in swallowing. Sometimes ulcer may appear at the basal region of tongue. If condition is not cured then breathing distress occurs (http://www.bt.cdc.gov). Treatment and Prevention: The disease is not contagious but the fomites of the patients may be contaminated with the spores of the causal organism. Decontamination of people and belongings is crucial with an antimicrobial agent or with bleach especially formaldehyde as chlorine is ineffective to kill vegetative cells and also the spores. Articles can be decontaminated by boiling them in water for at least 30 mins. Timely care and antibiotic therapy can enhance the chances of survival of the victims. Therapy can be started with the oral course of antibiotics followed by intravenous doses (IV). Fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin (cipro), doxycycline, erythromycin, vancomycin or penicillin. Early antibiotic prophylaxis can prevent the disease taking the fatal form. Quarantine

Friday, November 15, 2019

Consumer Analysis of Restaurant Industry

Consumer Analysis of Restaurant Industry Abstract The aim of the study was to examine customers definition of quality when it comes to restaurant services and the preferences and opinions in restaurants choice. The study was also to find out if the customers have idea of the existence of the ABC restaurant in specific. The study was specifically carried out in a restaurant called the ABC restaurant in the city Chennai in India. Chennai is a city in the Southern coast of India. ABC is an adult person restaurant and thus a self administered questionnaire was filled in by willing customer. This study was a qualitative study, whose focus was to determine the preferences of Restaurant industry customers in Chennai city, India. These are the factors that contribute to the customers satisfaction in restaurants, it only through knows the customers need that can make it better to enhance better services. The study utilized questionnaires, which were easy to understand and respond to. The researchers hypothesized that there existed customers values and preferences in the larger Chennai area, which affects the Restaurant industries and the affinity of customers to new ideas and technologies within the Restaurants industry. This study was a qualitative study, whose focus was to determine the preferences of Restaurant industry customers in Chennai city, India. The study utilized questionnaires, which were easy to understand and respond to. The study focused on a number of variables as described in the variable description table. The restaurants clients at all have times got a direct personal consideration at a very reasonable price. The customers also obtain the maximum quality of client service available. The employees to the company have undergone an extensive and quality training, a good work place, and incentives in order to build trust in them and thus encourage them to work to achieve not only their goals, but those of the company and the customers. This, in turn, is expected to build customer trust and thus retain t hem as return customers The target population was thus set at 384, and was taken as a representative of the total customers in the city, whose totals could not be established. Analyses were performed using SPSS (version 15.0, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Across group comparisons of medians was determined using Kruskal-Wallis tests, while Chi-square analyses was used to examine differences between proportions. Mann-Whitney U tests was used for pair wise comparisons. Multivariate logistic regression, controlling for the confounders was used to examine the association between the different responses given by customers. The reference group was dependent on each other between those who agreed to a situation, those who disagreed and those who were undecided and remained neutral giving no response or not knowing a response to give. Statistical significance was defined as p  £ 0.05. Introduction Eating habits differs from one region to the other, eating in restaurants or away from homes eating is currently a common phenomenon that is embraced in many communities. Eating in restaurant has evolved from a long way; it goes way from just the mere thought of getting ones fill to a form of recreation. People have always gone out to the restaurants and eating places to quench their hunger and desire for food, in the process they always expect to derive pleasure get satisfaction from it all. Restaurants and like forms of investments continuously change the face of the business to catch up with the constantly dynamic customers demands (Olsen Connolly, 2000). Restaurant owners or managers have always had to make intensive changes that are customer preference oriented. In such a dynamic industry, factors such as quality and technology are very important issues to consider in order staying up put in the very competitive dynamic environment. In the town of Chennai town alone, 459,000 re staurants locations nationally, the direct sale of these restaurants sums up to $32 billion a year and more than $ 0.98 billion a day (Jinsoo Hwang 2010). The restaurant industry has contributed to a great impact to the Indian economy, contributing an average of 1 billion in one year (Tam 2000). Fine dining is a type of restaurant that offers the finest foods, services and atmospheres within the hospitality industry. The major characteristic with this type of restaurant is its operation price that escalates above any other type of restaurant. The fine dining offers fine menus, fine customer service, fine atmosphere to dine in, thus making it one of the best dining places for the restaurants. One good example is Afraa restaurant, which is located in Calcutta, India (â€Å"Afraa†, 2010). This restaurant offers a best experience near a five star hotel and thus offering an alternative for those who cannot afford a five star hotel. It offers a good career opportunity since it provides for alternative for the revelers who would opt for cozy restaurants bud with less money for high-rated hotels. The future for the industry is promising since many people would appreciate for fast and fine services with good customer atmosphere to compensate for their money. Family restaurants are types of restaurants with that have mixed menus and their prices are often fixed. Meals are offered with the dinners seated communally at a table with bench seats. Just like their names, the family restaurants are mostly run by families. One good example is the Brennan family restaurants that are run by family members from Louisiana and New Orleans, with the name, Owen Brennan (â€Å"Brennans New Orleans†, 2010). Other than in Orleans where the children of Brennan operate the restaurant, the rest are operated by the Brennan descendants. The restaurants have opportunities for expansion since just like Brennan the restaurants are operated by family members making it a continuous business entity even with the demise of the founders. The restaurants develop with each generation of new managers and this increases the opportunities for growth. The managers and restaurant owners have to find a great deal in the marketing strategy in order to stay in the competitive market, considering customers satisfaction a basic factor in the success in the industry by maintaining their status in the market. Customers service satisfaction has been the major factor in determining the success of failure in the industry. Thus customer satisfaction has always been the crossroad in determination of the success in the industry. Generally customer satisfaction is a crucial factor that is directly proportional to the quality services in the industry. It is common to everyone to get quality services for their spent money. A reputable high quality restaurants or any other kind of business will always. In the studies conducted by the U.S. department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Expenditure survey, the sum up cost of food constitutes one third of all expenses, while half of the food expenses is spent in food away from home. Creativity and innovations is the major determinant and influential factors that determines the success and growth of the management of the service industry hence leading to a significant increase in the economic growth. Creativity has always been the back bone secret in the restaurant business and this can always be determined by the direct proportion relation to the sale output. The more the creative offers the more the sales output experienced in the restaurants. It thus very important to identify the quality perceived factors that will have a strong effect on the customers satisfaction or dissatisfaction as well. The aim of this research is to find out the factors that customers consider for their restaurant preference choices. The study was also to find out customers opinions and definition of quality services in the restaurants industry. The study was specifically carried out in a restaurant called the ABC restaurant in the city Chennai in India. Chennai is a city in the Southern coast of India. India is a country with many various religious groups as well besides the ethnic groups. The religion differentiation is also a major determinant in the food patterns in the country. The Hindu which is the dominant religion, do not allow the followers to take meat. As far as I know cows are considered sacred and are worshiped among the Hindu religion. The high castle Hindu is strict vegetarians and they dont feed on meat products as far as eggs. The lower castle is not very strict and could feed on meat but not beef. Pork is not also any part of their meal as pigs are considered unholy and are always reared in very dirty environment. The Islam community in India does not feed on pork due to religious issues. The rest of the population which comprises of the Christians, Jews, Sikh and the Pagans do not have such religious regulations and they feed on meat and its products. Rice is a staple food in India for more than half of the population, and the rice is served with almost every meal. The rest of the populations rely on wheat, which they use to make the famous Indian chapatti. The others staple food is maize, millet and sea foods for those in the southern of India. It is thus evidenced that the Indian food habits depends on the climate, geographical distribution and location and majorly religion plays a major part in food habit patterns in India. The major differentiation is the two groups of feeders, the vegetarians and those who feed on meat. Indian foods are famous for their delicacies and have an international recognition, the Indian foods are now being incorporated in the international cuisines, and they can as well be found into other ethnic restaurants. The Indian food market is always characterized by a specific trend in their food habits. India is a large continental country with more than one billion people constituting its population. There are over 17 ethnic groups with more than 30 different spoken languages. This calls for a very wide range of cultures and believes as well as eating habits. Chennai town has undergone urbanization as well as westernization, and like the major urban centers, there are many restaurants and fast foods joints that are a common trend in the homogenized global etiquette. It has been observed that the mainland of Chennai still holds a unique traditional Indian etiquette. The towns food industry has grown immensely and there are many investors such as; pizza restaurants, Thai restaurants, multicuisine restaurants Mediterranean restaurants, Japanese restaurants and many other foreign restaurants. Eating away from home has then become an increasingly ingrained in the culture of the Chennai dwellers (2003 Restaurant Industry Forecast). It is thus worth having a research study that determines the consumer behavior in the food and service industry in this town. The study was designed to try to determine if the customers or the consumers preference on restaurants choices was based on the quality services offered in the restaurants, and any other factors that affect customers relations to a restaurant service provider. This study also was to try to reveal the kind of information sources that act as influential factors in customers choices of restaurants. ABC restaurant is a start up business organization that was aimed at providing, catering services for the vegetarian at the Chennai town; Chennai town has developed from a slumbering fishing town, to the current prestigious city. Being a budget rather than a luxury restaurant, ABC was aimed at providing the services to people in low and middle-income people throughout the Chennai, as they come to the city. Restaurant business is an old industry within the entire Indian subcontinent, but which is highly competitive yet profitable industry. This shall illustrate the markets segments of ABC restaurant and the strategies to be employed to target, attract and retain customers in order to create a solid stream of annual revenue within the business scope. The Restaurant shall not be just like any other common Restaurant within the city and beyond. Its unique focus of creating quality and affordable services with a new preference in the market shall give the company an added competitive adva ntage over the competitors. This is to be affected by providing the customers with a new outlet that is both highly affordable compared to other existing Restaurants, quality foodstuffs in addition to other services not common in budget Restaurants in the area (Brotherton, 2009). This shall fill a long-standing need in the area, where customers have for a long time been seeking for quality services at affordable prices (Baum, 2010). Traditionally, this area has been having only three competitors, all of whom provide their services at extremely high prices, yet their services are not of high quality. The restaurant has always aimed at targeting the people who normally want to get these services yet they cannot due to high prices charged by the existing Restaurants in the area (Baum, 2010). This study paper is to discuss about the South Indians relation to factors that affect value in a restaurant business through the management strategies and logistics. As such, the paper will dwell on product distribution and implementation of marketing strategy as well as include a plan for the implementation and launching of these restaurant services and products. After this, the paper will dwell on the development of measurements and control metrics that is to help the organization after its launch. All these aspects of management represent the last phase of management for the company and as such all the management and operational goals for the company will be realized. Literature review India is famous for its delicacies, and its image has already been approved internationally. The people of India love fine food not limited to local foods. The acceptability to foreign cuisine is very high. The more important thing is that one study found that the general consumers comprising 75% of general consumers in ethnic restaurants, (Crimm, 2000). The hospitality industry boasts as one of the highest revenue earners due to its diverse affiliation with many other industries in the both local and international market. Tourist attraction and entertainment sites couple with hotels availability to elevate the returns from the sector. Hotel industry entails various subdivisions, all which contribute to the growth and definition of the processes in the industry. One of the sectors in the hotel industry is the restaurant, which encompasses sub-sectors like fine-dining restaurants, on-site food services, and family restaurants among others. The other is the lodging sector that includes resort properties, conference hotels, and luxury hotels among others. The travel and tourism field encompasses cruise lines, destination management firms, and airlines among others. Clubs, leisure and gaming industries are also inclusive to the hospitality industry with their sub-sectors being the casinos, country clubs and theme parks among others. Ethnic restaurants offer dishes that are not familiar in a particular locality. India is a large sub continental country with more than one billion people constituting its population. There are nearly 100 5-star Restaurants in India. These are state-of-art Restaurants which offer world-class services to the revelers. In addition, there are over 100 other 4-star Restaurants in the city. These hotels are strategically positioned in areas within easy reach by the revelers. The 5-star Restaurant in the coast of India is considered as the most prestigious Restaurant in the sub continent. This therefore makes the Restaurant to be a favorite spot for the wealthy people from around the world. Executive business meetings are also held in this Restaurant. Therefore, the tourists who frequent Chennai town in search of luxurious services find many pleasant places to get good quality services. The most plausible characteristic that influences the buyers are price, quality and pleasant aspects of the goods being purchased. Luxury visits to restaurants is therefore an issue that has been on the rise especially from among the western countries. Privacy, recreation and health issues are other considerations that are made by the tourists. The individuals who frequent the country are after prestigious goods restaurants. There are many venues that are frequented by tourists in India. Age and marital status are other issues that are influence the rate with tourists frequent the city. India is mostly frequented by married individuals and older persons. The younger people frequent the city less often due to the issue of income. The older people seem to have more income than the younger people and this causes the significant gap between the numbers of people frequenting the city. Currently there are several categories of hotels within the catering and hospitality industry in India. For instance Fine dining is a type of restaurant that offers the finest foods, services and atmospheres within the hospitality industry. The major characteristic with this type of restaurant is its operation price that escalates above any other type of restaurant. The fine dining offers fine menus, fine customer service, fine atmosphere to dine in, thus making it one of the best dining places for the restaurants. One good example is Afraa restaurant, which is located in Calcutta, India (â€Å"Afraa†, 2010). This restaurant offers a best experience near a five star hotel and thus offering an alternative for those who cannot afford a five star hotel. It offers a good career opportunity since it provides for alternative for the revelers who would opt for cozy restaurants bud with less money for high-rated hotels. The future for the industry is promising since many people would appreciate for fast and fine services with good customer atmosphere to compensate for their money. Family restaurants are types of restaurants with that have mixed menus and their prices are often fixed. Meals are offered with the dinners seated communally at a table with bench seats. Just like their names, the family restaurants are mostly run by families. One good example is the Brennan family restaurants that are run by family members from Louisiana and New Orleans, with the name, Owen Brennan (â€Å"Brennans New Orleans†, 2010). Other than in Orleans where the children of Brennan operate the restaurant, the rest are operated by the Brennan descendants. The restaurants have opportunities for expansion since just like Brennan the restaurants are operated by family members making it a continuous business entity even with the demise of the founders. The restaurants develop with each generation of new managers and this increases the opportunities for growth. There are over 17 ethnic groups with more than 30 different spoken languages. This calls for a very wide range of cultures and believes as well as eating habits. Hindu believes and cultures have played a significant role in influencing the food trends in India. A sub continental interaction of various cultures such as the Mongols and the Britain has also played a significant role in blending in the Indian cuisines. (Zee-Yuu, 2010). A significant blend of European cooking and foods was introduced into the Indian cuisines during the colonial period. The spice trade between India and Europe has seen a significant blend of the Indian and European foods. There is a distinctive difference in the in the Indian foods compared to the rest of the world, this is exhibited in their different cooking methods and taste, which is contributed by a vast blend of different cultures and over a period of time of years. Cultures have always fallen victims of civilization; food is no exception to this circumstance. The Indian food has been influenced by various forms of civilization which have lead to their current form and overall development. Indian foods have always been characterized by the extensive use of spices. From the Northern to the extensive Southern coast of India, spices have always formed a generous part of their food. The spices used have always been attributed to their healing and medicinal abilities and properties as well as their nutritional properties. The traditional Indian foods are always characterized by one main course. Instead of a variety of courses, the meals are always served around one main course meal which is rice or wheat product bread which is served with a variety of savory dishes. Indians love cottage cheese. This is always a common delicacy which is usually prepared with gravy, fried and added over pilafs. Most of the Indian foods are prepared in vegetable oils like sunflower oil, mustard oil and groundnut oil. According to other studies, Indian restaurants serve approximately 2.5 million customers every week, and the popularity of the Indian delicacy ha lead to researches that found that there are two Indian restaurants to ever one Chinese restaurant (Saren, 2007). Indian foods have always been characterized largely by their geographical location. In the Coastal region, this is the South India, fish and coconuts products have been their food components. The southern Indian foods of Tamil Nadu, application of tamarind is used to distinct and impact the sourness to the foods. Sea foods form the staple food for the residents of Andaman and Nicobar, Bengal and Tamil Nadu. Before the venture by investors into the southern India, the area was inhabited by indigenous tribes, due to their little interaction by other tribes, fish, fruits and vegetables were their diets. Currently, it is notable that a very big population of the southern population is vegetarians. As a result several accommodative recipes have been invented. The southern has a mixture of both vegetarians as well as non vegetarians. As a result the southern India has present very adorable menus for both the vegetarians and non vegetarians. The amalgamation of the Andhra Pradesh and Deccani styles are always characterized by excessive use of chillies which is always to enrich the taste of foods. The town of Kerala is always characterized by some of its distinct delicacies such as the lamb stew which is taken with appams, idlis, fried prawns of Malabar and the famous fish molie which is taken with rice puttu, rice puttu is a ground rice pawder which is steamed in a bamboo shoot (Pireira, 2003). Another famous item in the coastal India is the sweetened coconut milk; the milk is a traditional drink among the coastal region habitats. Rice is the major staple food that is served with almost every meal, such as meat, fish and lots of green vegetables. In the eastern of India, the Bngalis style relatily resemble the Coatal region. The Bengali staple food is a combination of rice and fish. The Bengalis feed on the different types of sea fishes. The Bengalis have adopted a special way of cooking; their delicacy is prepared by wrapping the uncooked meal in a pumpkin leaf then cooking it. This method of cooking is known as ‘Hilsa. The Bengali also has the common bamboo shoot cooking. The West regions Indians also have a characteristic form of cooking and food habits. The western parts are rather dry and not much likely comparable to the other parts of the sub continents. A variety of dals and pickles form major part of their diets. The western people consume both rice and wheat products in their diets in combination to the vegetables the Portuguese influence in cooking has also been observed in most dishes in the western region. The most common dishes known to the Eastern regions are like the sweet and sour Vindaloo, duck baffae, etc. meal in some of the Western regions cannot be considered complete without fish. Foods in some communities such as the Goans are always sea based; while some of the Eastern communities such as the Gujarati are basically vegetarians. The Gujarati basic meal is made from wheat flour, used to make the famous Indian chapattis, which I always made according to a families taste and preference of taste and style. The Gujarati diets change seasonally with the availability of vegetable that is in season (Pereira, 2003). During the mango season, mango pulp often makes the major constituent of the meal. This trend is witnessed by the spices used as well, like the garam masala will often be used during the summer period (Pireira, 2003). The North Indian foods are always prepared around the main course of the meal which is rice. The northern cooking is always influenced by the central India type of cooking. Like the central delicacy of saag is also found in the North as well (Dukart, 1988). Some communities in the North such as the Punjab, Haryana and Utta Pradesh have shown a preference to wheat chapatti consumption over rice. The northern region is commonly characterized with mughlai foods. Generally three quatres of the Northern Indian foods are for vegetarians. As a result to the widespread of the vegetarian population habit, India is well known for its tradition of vegetarianism, ( Dukart, 1988). The adherence to vegetariasm which is also known as sattvik has made its importance in the South probably because of the Brahmins, where it has gained popularity even among the non-Brahmins who have followed the meritorious lifestyle. The vegetarian nature of the Brahmins were due to different reasons and believes, the Brahmins believed that vegetarianism made their minds pure and to perform various rituals. It is believed that all the Brahmins are vegetarians and thus gives the southern India a reputation of vegetariasm. With the increase of globalization and exposure, Indian societies are undergoing a significant change that is impacted by Western influences and lifestyles. The food industry in India has had a change in its food consumption patterns (Food Industry, 2006). The Indian foods have been introduced into the outside markets and gained dominance is some places. According to the Britain Food Standard Agency, a value of $3.2 billion is accounted for all eatings in the Indian restaurants alone in the United Kingdom. A survey in 2007 showed that Indian food products that could be more than 1200 are already in the United States market since the year 2000. Indian foods have been common in the South East of Asia, this can be contributed for by the fact that the inhabitants have a strong Hindu and Buddhist historical background. A big number of Southern and Northern Indian restaurants have been established in Malaysian and Singapore. Several cuisines have borrowed styles from the Indian cuisine, such cuisines with Indian blend of cookery are like the Filipino, Vietnamese, Indonesian and Thai. The general wide demarcation of food patterns in India persist to date. India has always been a sub continental home for many people and culture over many centuries, and like many other cultures, the Indian cultures have been influenced by foreign elements that have always seeped into the Indian cultures over time. The Islam infiltration has had a great influence into the Indian society. The Islam revolution created a link between the non-vegetarian and the highly conserved rich graves that were indigenous to the Indian societies; this resulted to the Mughlai cuisine. One good example is Afraa restaurant, which is located in Calcutta, India (â€Å"Afraa†, 2010). This restaurant offers a best experience near a five star hotel and thus offering an alternative for those who cannot afford a five star hotel. It offers a good career opportunity since it provides for alternative for the revelers who would opt for cozy restaurants bud with less money for high-rated hotels. The future for the industry is promising since many people would appreciate for fast and fine services with good customer atmosphere to compensate for their money. Customers behaviors can be related to the choice of product, purchase, use of disposition of products and services. Consumer behavior can also be related to experiences the consumed products and services a customer get satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the consumers needs and demands. (Solomon, 2000). Three perceived quality factors, good value, tasty food, and employees knowledge of the menu mostly affect the customers satisfaction or dissatisfaction (Jinsoo Hwang, 2010). Consumers satisfaction is regarded as a crucial factor in the competitive industry and customer satisfaction has become a major topic of study in the industry. There is always no guarantee that a customer will always return to the restaurant a next time unless the customer liked the service offered in the restaurant. If restaurant owners or marketers know which perceived factors have a significant impact on customer satisfaction, they could potentially identify the chief elements of success or failure in a restaurants management. This has contributed to the pro active changes that focus on customers satisfaction. With the increased rate of globalization in business, most business managers are in turn increasingly focusing on the need to keep up with the management and financial requirements for a globalised business organization. Operations management has never been as vital as it is now with the era of globalization, and has therefore become a subject of study, research and practice. By definition, operations management is the management practice that deals with the design and management of business products, services, processes and supply chains (Cunill 2009). Within the scope of business operational management, there is the aspect of consideration of the acquisition, utilization and the development of resources that each firm needs in order to deliver its products to the market place (Chase Aquilano Jacobs 2003). Operations management, as a business practice, requires applications of strategies aimed at realizing the overall profits for the business. Strategic issues within the scope of o perations management for business organizations is inclusive of determination of size and location of the manufacturing sector, determining and deciding the structure of the servicers, the telecommunication networks and designing the technology for the supply chains. One of the major factors of operational management is the application of the five elements of OM; that is quality, cost, speed, flexibility and dependability in order to achieve specific goals in management (Cunill 2009). Hotel chains as well as individual hotels located in various parts of the world have the best example of organizations where operations management works best. Hilton hotels international and the Etap provide some of the best examples of the organizations where operations management is emphasized on, but with different approaches to the five elements of operational management. Considering the operations management from its five elements as the guiding principles, it is possible to determine the differences and similarities in the management between Etap and Hilton hotels international. Operations management: budget hotels (Etap) versus luxury hotels (Hilton) In the early years of hotel industry, the conventional definition of the word hotel was that a hotel is an establishment which provides lodging to persons on payment and on short term basis. The accommodation in the time was merely a room with a bed a cupboard and other items such as a table and washstands (Cunill 2009). However, the modern description of a hotel has evolved over time, and now includes modern facilities as air conditioning, telephone connections, televisions sets, internet connectivity (wireless fidelity-Wi-Fi) and bars with snakes, drinks and other items. However, the modern classification of hotel has created a difference in the type of hotel available in a given place, based on the service provide and the price as well as specific place of location. Although these differences come in most other aspects, the factor of price is the most important one (Cunill 2009). Currently, the two main varieties or categories of hotels are the budget Consumer Analysis of Restaurant Industry Consumer Analysis of Restaurant Industry Abstract The aim of the study was to examine customers definition of quality when it comes to restaurant services and the preferences and opinions in restaurants choice. The study was also to find out if the customers have idea of the existence of the ABC restaurant in specific. The study was specifically carried out in a restaurant called the ABC restaurant in the city Chennai in India. Chennai is a city in the Southern coast of India. ABC is an adult person restaurant and thus a self administered questionnaire was filled in by willing customer. This study was a qualitative study, whose focus was to determine the preferences of Restaurant industry customers in Chennai city, India. These are the factors that contribute to the customers satisfaction in restaurants, it only through knows the customers need that can make it better to enhance better services. The study utilized questionnaires, which were easy to understand and respond to. The researchers hypothesized that there existed customers values and preferences in the larger Chennai area, which affects the Restaurant industries and the affinity of customers to new ideas and technologies within the Restaurants industry. This study was a qualitative study, whose focus was to determine the preferences of Restaurant industry customers in Chennai city, India. The study utilized questionnaires, which were easy to understand and respond to. The study focused on a number of variables as described in the variable description table. The restaurants clients at all have times got a direct personal consideration at a very reasonable price. The customers also obtain the maximum quality of client service available. The employees to the company have undergone an extensive and quality training, a good work place, and incentives in order to build trust in them and thus encourage them to work to achieve not only their goals, but those of the company and the customers. This, in turn, is expected to build customer trust and thus retain t hem as return customers The target population was thus set at 384, and was taken as a representative of the total customers in the city, whose totals could not be established. Analyses were performed using SPSS (version 15.0, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Across group comparisons of medians was determined using Kruskal-Wallis tests, while Chi-square analyses was used to examine differences between proportions. Mann-Whitney U tests was used for pair wise comparisons. Multivariate logistic regression, controlling for the confounders was used to examine the association between the different responses given by customers. The reference group was dependent on each other between those who agreed to a situation, those who disagreed and those who were undecided and remained neutral giving no response or not knowing a response to give. Statistical significance was defined as p  £ 0.05. Introduction Eating habits differs from one region to the other, eating in restaurants or away from homes eating is currently a common phenomenon that is embraced in many communities. Eating in restaurant has evolved from a long way; it goes way from just the mere thought of getting ones fill to a form of recreation. People have always gone out to the restaurants and eating places to quench their hunger and desire for food, in the process they always expect to derive pleasure get satisfaction from it all. Restaurants and like forms of investments continuously change the face of the business to catch up with the constantly dynamic customers demands (Olsen Connolly, 2000). Restaurant owners or managers have always had to make intensive changes that are customer preference oriented. In such a dynamic industry, factors such as quality and technology are very important issues to consider in order staying up put in the very competitive dynamic environment. In the town of Chennai town alone, 459,000 re staurants locations nationally, the direct sale of these restaurants sums up to $32 billion a year and more than $ 0.98 billion a day (Jinsoo Hwang 2010). The restaurant industry has contributed to a great impact to the Indian economy, contributing an average of 1 billion in one year (Tam 2000). Fine dining is a type of restaurant that offers the finest foods, services and atmospheres within the hospitality industry. The major characteristic with this type of restaurant is its operation price that escalates above any other type of restaurant. The fine dining offers fine menus, fine customer service, fine atmosphere to dine in, thus making it one of the best dining places for the restaurants. One good example is Afraa restaurant, which is located in Calcutta, India (â€Å"Afraa†, 2010). This restaurant offers a best experience near a five star hotel and thus offering an alternative for those who cannot afford a five star hotel. It offers a good career opportunity since it provides for alternative for the revelers who would opt for cozy restaurants bud with less money for high-rated hotels. The future for the industry is promising since many people would appreciate for fast and fine services with good customer atmosphere to compensate for their money. Family restaurants are types of restaurants with that have mixed menus and their prices are often fixed. Meals are offered with the dinners seated communally at a table with bench seats. Just like their names, the family restaurants are mostly run by families. One good example is the Brennan family restaurants that are run by family members from Louisiana and New Orleans, with the name, Owen Brennan (â€Å"Brennans New Orleans†, 2010). Other than in Orleans where the children of Brennan operate the restaurant, the rest are operated by the Brennan descendants. The restaurants have opportunities for expansion since just like Brennan the restaurants are operated by family members making it a continuous business entity even with the demise of the founders. The restaurants develop with each generation of new managers and this increases the opportunities for growth. The managers and restaurant owners have to find a great deal in the marketing strategy in order to stay in the competitive market, considering customers satisfaction a basic factor in the success in the industry by maintaining their status in the market. Customers service satisfaction has been the major factor in determining the success of failure in the industry. Thus customer satisfaction has always been the crossroad in determination of the success in the industry. Generally customer satisfaction is a crucial factor that is directly proportional to the quality services in the industry. It is common to everyone to get quality services for their spent money. A reputable high quality restaurants or any other kind of business will always. In the studies conducted by the U.S. department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Expenditure survey, the sum up cost of food constitutes one third of all expenses, while half of the food expenses is spent in food away from home. Creativity and innovations is the major determinant and influential factors that determines the success and growth of the management of the service industry hence leading to a significant increase in the economic growth. Creativity has always been the back bone secret in the restaurant business and this can always be determined by the direct proportion relation to the sale output. The more the creative offers the more the sales output experienced in the restaurants. It thus very important to identify the quality perceived factors that will have a strong effect on the customers satisfaction or dissatisfaction as well. The aim of this research is to find out the factors that customers consider for their restaurant preference choices. The study was also to find out customers opinions and definition of quality services in the restaurants industry. The study was specifically carried out in a restaurant called the ABC restaurant in the city Chennai in India. Chennai is a city in the Southern coast of India. India is a country with many various religious groups as well besides the ethnic groups. The religion differentiation is also a major determinant in the food patterns in the country. The Hindu which is the dominant religion, do not allow the followers to take meat. As far as I know cows are considered sacred and are worshiped among the Hindu religion. The high castle Hindu is strict vegetarians and they dont feed on meat products as far as eggs. The lower castle is not very strict and could feed on meat but not beef. Pork is not also any part of their meal as pigs are considered unholy and are always reared in very dirty environment. The Islam community in India does not feed on pork due to religious issues. The rest of the population which comprises of the Christians, Jews, Sikh and the Pagans do not have such religious regulations and they feed on meat and its products. Rice is a staple food in India for more than half of the population, and the rice is served with almost every meal. The rest of the populations rely on wheat, which they use to make the famous Indian chapatti. The others staple food is maize, millet and sea foods for those in the southern of India. It is thus evidenced that the Indian food habits depends on the climate, geographical distribution and location and majorly religion plays a major part in food habit patterns in India. The major differentiation is the two groups of feeders, the vegetarians and those who feed on meat. Indian foods are famous for their delicacies and have an international recognition, the Indian foods are now being incorporated in the international cuisines, and they can as well be found into other ethnic restaurants. The Indian food market is always characterized by a specific trend in their food habits. India is a large continental country with more than one billion people constituting its population. There are over 17 ethnic groups with more than 30 different spoken languages. This calls for a very wide range of cultures and believes as well as eating habits. Chennai town has undergone urbanization as well as westernization, and like the major urban centers, there are many restaurants and fast foods joints that are a common trend in the homogenized global etiquette. It has been observed that the mainland of Chennai still holds a unique traditional Indian etiquette. The towns food industry has grown immensely and there are many investors such as; pizza restaurants, Thai restaurants, multicuisine restaurants Mediterranean restaurants, Japanese restaurants and many other foreign restaurants. Eating away from home has then become an increasingly ingrained in the culture of the Chennai dwellers (2003 Restaurant Industry Forecast). It is thus worth having a research study that determines the consumer behavior in the food and service industry in this town. The study was designed to try to determine if the customers or the consumers preference on restaurants choices was based on the quality services offered in the restaurants, and any other factors that affect customers relations to a restaurant service provider. This study also was to try to reveal the kind of information sources that act as influential factors in customers choices of restaurants. ABC restaurant is a start up business organization that was aimed at providing, catering services for the vegetarian at the Chennai town; Chennai town has developed from a slumbering fishing town, to the current prestigious city. Being a budget rather than a luxury restaurant, ABC was aimed at providing the services to people in low and middle-income people throughout the Chennai, as they come to the city. Restaurant business is an old industry within the entire Indian subcontinent, but which is highly competitive yet profitable industry. This shall illustrate the markets segments of ABC restaurant and the strategies to be employed to target, attract and retain customers in order to create a solid stream of annual revenue within the business scope. The Restaurant shall not be just like any other common Restaurant within the city and beyond. Its unique focus of creating quality and affordable services with a new preference in the market shall give the company an added competitive adva ntage over the competitors. This is to be affected by providing the customers with a new outlet that is both highly affordable compared to other existing Restaurants, quality foodstuffs in addition to other services not common in budget Restaurants in the area (Brotherton, 2009). This shall fill a long-standing need in the area, where customers have for a long time been seeking for quality services at affordable prices (Baum, 2010). Traditionally, this area has been having only three competitors, all of whom provide their services at extremely high prices, yet their services are not of high quality. The restaurant has always aimed at targeting the people who normally want to get these services yet they cannot due to high prices charged by the existing Restaurants in the area (Baum, 2010). This study paper is to discuss about the South Indians relation to factors that affect value in a restaurant business through the management strategies and logistics. As such, the paper will dwell on product distribution and implementation of marketing strategy as well as include a plan for the implementation and launching of these restaurant services and products. After this, the paper will dwell on the development of measurements and control metrics that is to help the organization after its launch. All these aspects of management represent the last phase of management for the company and as such all the management and operational goals for the company will be realized. Literature review India is famous for its delicacies, and its image has already been approved internationally. The people of India love fine food not limited to local foods. The acceptability to foreign cuisine is very high. The more important thing is that one study found that the general consumers comprising 75% of general consumers in ethnic restaurants, (Crimm, 2000). The hospitality industry boasts as one of the highest revenue earners due to its diverse affiliation with many other industries in the both local and international market. Tourist attraction and entertainment sites couple with hotels availability to elevate the returns from the sector. Hotel industry entails various subdivisions, all which contribute to the growth and definition of the processes in the industry. One of the sectors in the hotel industry is the restaurant, which encompasses sub-sectors like fine-dining restaurants, on-site food services, and family restaurants among others. The other is the lodging sector that includes resort properties, conference hotels, and luxury hotels among others. The travel and tourism field encompasses cruise lines, destination management firms, and airlines among others. Clubs, leisure and gaming industries are also inclusive to the hospitality industry with their sub-sectors being the casinos, country clubs and theme parks among others. Ethnic restaurants offer dishes that are not familiar in a particular locality. India is a large sub continental country with more than one billion people constituting its population. There are nearly 100 5-star Restaurants in India. These are state-of-art Restaurants which offer world-class services to the revelers. In addition, there are over 100 other 4-star Restaurants in the city. These hotels are strategically positioned in areas within easy reach by the revelers. The 5-star Restaurant in the coast of India is considered as the most prestigious Restaurant in the sub continent. This therefore makes the Restaurant to be a favorite spot for the wealthy people from around the world. Executive business meetings are also held in this Restaurant. Therefore, the tourists who frequent Chennai town in search of luxurious services find many pleasant places to get good quality services. The most plausible characteristic that influences the buyers are price, quality and pleasant aspects of the goods being purchased. Luxury visits to restaurants is therefore an issue that has been on the rise especially from among the western countries. Privacy, recreation and health issues are other considerations that are made by the tourists. The individuals who frequent the country are after prestigious goods restaurants. There are many venues that are frequented by tourists in India. Age and marital status are other issues that are influence the rate with tourists frequent the city. India is mostly frequented by married individuals and older persons. The younger people frequent the city less often due to the issue of income. The older people seem to have more income than the younger people and this causes the significant gap between the numbers of people frequenting the city. Currently there are several categories of hotels within the catering and hospitality industry in India. For instance Fine dining is a type of restaurant that offers the finest foods, services and atmospheres within the hospitality industry. The major characteristic with this type of restaurant is its operation price that escalates above any other type of restaurant. The fine dining offers fine menus, fine customer service, fine atmosphere to dine in, thus making it one of the best dining places for the restaurants. One good example is Afraa restaurant, which is located in Calcutta, India (â€Å"Afraa†, 2010). This restaurant offers a best experience near a five star hotel and thus offering an alternative for those who cannot afford a five star hotel. It offers a good career opportunity since it provides for alternative for the revelers who would opt for cozy restaurants bud with less money for high-rated hotels. The future for the industry is promising since many people would appreciate for fast and fine services with good customer atmosphere to compensate for their money. Family restaurants are types of restaurants with that have mixed menus and their prices are often fixed. Meals are offered with the dinners seated communally at a table with bench seats. Just like their names, the family restaurants are mostly run by families. One good example is the Brennan family restaurants that are run by family members from Louisiana and New Orleans, with the name, Owen Brennan (â€Å"Brennans New Orleans†, 2010). Other than in Orleans where the children of Brennan operate the restaurant, the rest are operated by the Brennan descendants. The restaurants have opportunities for expansion since just like Brennan the restaurants are operated by family members making it a continuous business entity even with the demise of the founders. The restaurants develop with each generation of new managers and this increases the opportunities for growth. There are over 17 ethnic groups with more than 30 different spoken languages. This calls for a very wide range of cultures and believes as well as eating habits. Hindu believes and cultures have played a significant role in influencing the food trends in India. A sub continental interaction of various cultures such as the Mongols and the Britain has also played a significant role in blending in the Indian cuisines. (Zee-Yuu, 2010). A significant blend of European cooking and foods was introduced into the Indian cuisines during the colonial period. The spice trade between India and Europe has seen a significant blend of the Indian and European foods. There is a distinctive difference in the in the Indian foods compared to the rest of the world, this is exhibited in their different cooking methods and taste, which is contributed by a vast blend of different cultures and over a period of time of years. Cultures have always fallen victims of civilization; food is no exception to this circumstance. The Indian food has been influenced by various forms of civilization which have lead to their current form and overall development. Indian foods have always been characterized by the extensive use of spices. From the Northern to the extensive Southern coast of India, spices have always formed a generous part of their food. The spices used have always been attributed to their healing and medicinal abilities and properties as well as their nutritional properties. The traditional Indian foods are always characterized by one main course. Instead of a variety of courses, the meals are always served around one main course meal which is rice or wheat product bread which is served with a variety of savory dishes. Indians love cottage cheese. This is always a common delicacy which is usually prepared with gravy, fried and added over pilafs. Most of the Indian foods are prepared in vegetable oils like sunflower oil, mustard oil and groundnut oil. According to other studies, Indian restaurants serve approximately 2.5 million customers every week, and the popularity of the Indian delicacy ha lead to researches that found that there are two Indian restaurants to ever one Chinese restaurant (Saren, 2007). Indian foods have always been characterized largely by their geographical location. In the Coastal region, this is the South India, fish and coconuts products have been their food components. The southern Indian foods of Tamil Nadu, application of tamarind is used to distinct and impact the sourness to the foods. Sea foods form the staple food for the residents of Andaman and Nicobar, Bengal and Tamil Nadu. Before the venture by investors into the southern India, the area was inhabited by indigenous tribes, due to their little interaction by other tribes, fish, fruits and vegetables were their diets. Currently, it is notable that a very big population of the southern population is vegetarians. As a result several accommodative recipes have been invented. The southern has a mixture of both vegetarians as well as non vegetarians. As a result the southern India has present very adorable menus for both the vegetarians and non vegetarians. The amalgamation of the Andhra Pradesh and Deccani styles are always characterized by excessive use of chillies which is always to enrich the taste of foods. The town of Kerala is always characterized by some of its distinct delicacies such as the lamb stew which is taken with appams, idlis, fried prawns of Malabar and the famous fish molie which is taken with rice puttu, rice puttu is a ground rice pawder which is steamed in a bamboo shoot (Pireira, 2003). Another famous item in the coastal India is the sweetened coconut milk; the milk is a traditional drink among the coastal region habitats. Rice is the major staple food that is served with almost every meal, such as meat, fish and lots of green vegetables. In the eastern of India, the Bngalis style relatily resemble the Coatal region. The Bengali staple food is a combination of rice and fish. The Bengalis feed on the different types of sea fishes. The Bengalis have adopted a special way of cooking; their delicacy is prepared by wrapping the uncooked meal in a pumpkin leaf then cooking it. This method of cooking is known as ‘Hilsa. The Bengali also has the common bamboo shoot cooking. The West regions Indians also have a characteristic form of cooking and food habits. The western parts are rather dry and not much likely comparable to the other parts of the sub continents. A variety of dals and pickles form major part of their diets. The western people consume both rice and wheat products in their diets in combination to the vegetables the Portuguese influence in cooking has also been observed in most dishes in the western region. The most common dishes known to the Eastern regions are like the sweet and sour Vindaloo, duck baffae, etc. meal in some of the Western regions cannot be considered complete without fish. Foods in some communities such as the Goans are always sea based; while some of the Eastern communities such as the Gujarati are basically vegetarians. The Gujarati basic meal is made from wheat flour, used to make the famous Indian chapattis, which I always made according to a families taste and preference of taste and style. The Gujarati diets change seasonally with the availability of vegetable that is in season (Pereira, 2003). During the mango season, mango pulp often makes the major constituent of the meal. This trend is witnessed by the spices used as well, like the garam masala will often be used during the summer period (Pireira, 2003). The North Indian foods are always prepared around the main course of the meal which is rice. The northern cooking is always influenced by the central India type of cooking. Like the central delicacy of saag is also found in the North as well (Dukart, 1988). Some communities in the North such as the Punjab, Haryana and Utta Pradesh have shown a preference to wheat chapatti consumption over rice. The northern region is commonly characterized with mughlai foods. Generally three quatres of the Northern Indian foods are for vegetarians. As a result to the widespread of the vegetarian population habit, India is well known for its tradition of vegetarianism, ( Dukart, 1988). The adherence to vegetariasm which is also known as sattvik has made its importance in the South probably because of the Brahmins, where it has gained popularity even among the non-Brahmins who have followed the meritorious lifestyle. The vegetarian nature of the Brahmins were due to different reasons and believes, the Brahmins believed that vegetarianism made their minds pure and to perform various rituals. It is believed that all the Brahmins are vegetarians and thus gives the southern India a reputation of vegetariasm. With the increase of globalization and exposure, Indian societies are undergoing a significant change that is impacted by Western influences and lifestyles. The food industry in India has had a change in its food consumption patterns (Food Industry, 2006). The Indian foods have been introduced into the outside markets and gained dominance is some places. According to the Britain Food Standard Agency, a value of $3.2 billion is accounted for all eatings in the Indian restaurants alone in the United Kingdom. A survey in 2007 showed that Indian food products that could be more than 1200 are already in the United States market since the year 2000. Indian foods have been common in the South East of Asia, this can be contributed for by the fact that the inhabitants have a strong Hindu and Buddhist historical background. A big number of Southern and Northern Indian restaurants have been established in Malaysian and Singapore. Several cuisines have borrowed styles from the Indian cuisine, such cuisines with Indian blend of cookery are like the Filipino, Vietnamese, Indonesian and Thai. The general wide demarcation of food patterns in India persist to date. India has always been a sub continental home for many people and culture over many centuries, and like many other cultures, the Indian cultures have been influenced by foreign elements that have always seeped into the Indian cultures over time. The Islam infiltration has had a great influence into the Indian society. The Islam revolution created a link between the non-vegetarian and the highly conserved rich graves that were indigenous to the Indian societies; this resulted to the Mughlai cuisine. One good example is Afraa restaurant, which is located in Calcutta, India (â€Å"Afraa†, 2010). This restaurant offers a best experience near a five star hotel and thus offering an alternative for those who cannot afford a five star hotel. It offers a good career opportunity since it provides for alternative for the revelers who would opt for cozy restaurants bud with less money for high-rated hotels. The future for the industry is promising since many people would appreciate for fast and fine services with good customer atmosphere to compensate for their money. Customers behaviors can be related to the choice of product, purchase, use of disposition of products and services. Consumer behavior can also be related to experiences the consumed products and services a customer get satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the consumers needs and demands. (Solomon, 2000). Three perceived quality factors, good value, tasty food, and employees knowledge of the menu mostly affect the customers satisfaction or dissatisfaction (Jinsoo Hwang, 2010). Consumers satisfaction is regarded as a crucial factor in the competitive industry and customer satisfaction has become a major topic of study in the industry. There is always no guarantee that a customer will always return to the restaurant a next time unless the customer liked the service offered in the restaurant. If restaurant owners or marketers know which perceived factors have a significant impact on customer satisfaction, they could potentially identify the chief elements of success or failure in a restaurants management. This has contributed to the pro active changes that focus on customers satisfaction. With the increased rate of globalization in business, most business managers are in turn increasingly focusing on the need to keep up with the management and financial requirements for a globalised business organization. Operations management has never been as vital as it is now with the era of globalization, and has therefore become a subject of study, research and practice. By definition, operations management is the management practice that deals with the design and management of business products, services, processes and supply chains (Cunill 2009). Within the scope of business operational management, there is the aspect of consideration of the acquisition, utilization and the development of resources that each firm needs in order to deliver its products to the market place (Chase Aquilano Jacobs 2003). Operations management, as a business practice, requires applications of strategies aimed at realizing the overall profits for the business. Strategic issues within the scope of o perations management for business organizations is inclusive of determination of size and location of the manufacturing sector, determining and deciding the structure of the servicers, the telecommunication networks and designing the technology for the supply chains. One of the major factors of operational management is the application of the five elements of OM; that is quality, cost, speed, flexibility and dependability in order to achieve specific goals in management (Cunill 2009). Hotel chains as well as individual hotels located in various parts of the world have the best example of organizations where operations management works best. Hilton hotels international and the Etap provide some of the best examples of the organizations where operations management is emphasized on, but with different approaches to the five elements of operational management. Considering the operations management from its five elements as the guiding principles, it is possible to determine the differences and similarities in the management between Etap and Hilton hotels international. Operations management: budget hotels (Etap) versus luxury hotels (Hilton) In the early years of hotel industry, the conventional definition of the word hotel was that a hotel is an establishment which provides lodging to persons on payment and on short term basis. The accommodation in the time was merely a room with a bed a cupboard and other items such as a table and washstands (Cunill 2009). However, the modern description of a hotel has evolved over time, and now includes modern facilities as air conditioning, telephone connections, televisions sets, internet connectivity (wireless fidelity-Wi-Fi) and bars with snakes, drinks and other items. However, the modern classification of hotel has created a difference in the type of hotel available in a given place, based on the service provide and the price as well as specific place of location. Although these differences come in most other aspects, the factor of price is the most important one (Cunill 2009). Currently, the two main varieties or categories of hotels are the budget